Recently, the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) faced criticism from scientists and academics for prohibiting a discussion on the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act. In response, the director of the Indian Institute of Science, Education, and Research (IISER) at Mohali issued show cause notices to two faculty members who had signed the letter to the IISc. In this Editorial, we will explore why it is crucial for scientific research institutions to encourage social and political discussions rather than suppress them, and the significance of academic freedom in shaping scientific inquiry.
The Role of Research Institutions
Scientific research institutions are an integral part of society, and their members have the same constitutional right as others to engage in social discussions. Researchers in these institutions are granted the privilege and opportunity to pursue critical inquiry into various subjects. As recipients of public support, these institutions have an added responsibility to educate and express themselves on matters of public interest. Failing to advocate for justice during times of social turmoil would be a neglect of this responsibility.
Science and its Connections
Limiting scientists to their respective fields and discouraging discussions beyond scientific boundaries is an artificial approach. Science is interconnected with broader social and political questions. For example, research on climate change naturally leads to discussions on colonialism, historical responsibility, inequality, and justice. Similarly, studies on energy policy cannot be separated from environmental concerns, energy usage, and equitable distribution. Even in pure science, a broader political and historical perspective is valuable in understanding its implications.
Engagement with Social Issues
India has a rich tradition of scientists who have actively engaged with social issues. From renowned individuals like Meghnad Saha, D.D. Kosambi, and Amulya Reddy to people’s science movements like the Kerala Sasthra Sahithya Parishad, the involvement of scientists in social discussions has played a significant role in spreading scientific values for social benefit. Society has benefited from the participation of scientists in broader political dialogues.
Pressures and Censorship
However, scientific administrators often feel uncomfortable hosting political discussions in their institutions due to fear of government backlash. This attitude predates the current government but has intensified under the present dispensation. Administrators preemptively censor discussions to avoid controversy. Some even invoke rules designed for government bureaucrats, such as the Central Civil Service (Conduct) Rules, to restrict political discourse. However, these rules are ill-suited for academic scientists, and they do not supersede citizens’ fundamental right to free speech.
Protecting Academic Freedom
Resisting such censorship is crucial to safeguarding academic freedom in scientific institutions. The scientific community values the challenge of arbitrary authority. Members of the Indian scientific community must embody this value and actively promote academic freedom within their own institutions. Failure to do so may result in further attacks on academic freedom and hinder scientific progress.
Conclusion
Scientific research institutions have a responsibility to encourage social and political discussions. Scientists’ engagement in broader political dialogues enhances the understanding and impact of their research. Upholding academic freedom is vital to the pursuit of scientific inquiry and the advancement of society as a whole. By promoting open dialogue and resisting censorship, the scientific community can contribute to a more inclusive and progressive future.
